Star Wars: The Force Awakens research 2

Lucasfilm owner
The Walt Disney Company currently own Lucasfilm as of the 30th October 2012

Lucasfilm founder
George Lucas founded Lucasfilm in 1971.

Lucasfilm president
Kathleen Kennedy, a film producer, is the current president of Lucasfilm as of October 2012.

Major films by Lucasfilm

• Star Wars: A New Hope (1977)
• Star Wars: The Empire Strikes Back (1980)
• Star Wars: Return of the Jedi (1983)
• Star Wars: The Phantom Menace (1999)
• Star Wars: Attack of the Clones (2002)
• Star Wars: Revenge of the Sith (2005)
• Raiders of the Last Ark (1981)
• Indiana Jones and the Temple of Doom (1984)
• Indiana Jones and the Last Crusade (1989)
• Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull (2008)
• The Land Before Time (1988)
• Labyrinth (1986)

Lucasfilm purchase price
The Walt Disney Company purchased Lucasfilm for $4.06 billion.

Star Wars: The Force Awakens Writers

• Lawrence Kasdan
• J. J. Abrams
• Michael Arndt

Star Wars: The Force Awakens Director

• J. J. Abrams directed the film, these are other films that he is responsible for:

          -Mission: Impossible III

          -Star Trek Into Darkness

          -Star Trek Beyond

          -Super 8

Star Wars films

• So far 8 Star Wars films have been released in total, here are their titles, release dates and box office figures:

         -Star Wars: A New Hope (1977) // $775.4 million
         -Star Wars: The Empire Strikes Back (1980) // $543.1 - $548.4 million
         -Star Wars: Return of the Jedi (1983) // $572.6 million
         -Star Wars: The Phantom Menace (1999) // $1.027 billion
         -Star Wars: Attack of the Clones (2002) // $649.4 million
         -Star Wars: Revenge of the Sith (2005) // $848.8 million

         -Star Wars: The Clone Wars (2008) // $68.3 million

         -Star Wars: The Force Awakens (2015) // $2.068 billion

The first star wars film release
The first Star Wars film, Star Wars: A New Hope, was released on the 5th of May 1977.

ILM

• ILM stands for Industrial Light and Magic.
• Industrial Light and Magic is a motion picture visual effects company that creates the computer generated imagery and special effects for films.
• George Lucas founded Industrial Light and Magic in May 1975 as a division of his film production company, Lucasfilm.
• George Lucas created Industrial Light and Magic when he began the production of the first Star Wars. He created ILM at this time to create the visual effects and CGI for Star Wars and any other films he planned to produce in the future.

Casting directors

• The casting directors work with the producer and the director to assemble a cast that will be right for the film. They need to retain up-to-date knowledge of current acting talent to ensure that the cast they create is perfect for their film.

First Star Wars: The Force Awakens scenes location

The first scenes for the film Star Wars: The Force Awakens were set on Rey's desert home planet of Jakku, they were filmed in The U.A.E emirate of Abu Dhabi.

Camera and film format

• Star Wars: The Force Awakens was filmed on tape; this format was used so that the film could be captured using the same method used to capture the previous Star Wars films.
• Star Wars: The Force Awakens was filmed using a 65mm IMAX camera to strengthen it's atmosphere using ultra-wide high definition.

Main studio used

• Pinewood Studio was used to film a large portion of  Star Wars: The Force Awakens; this studio was used as it has many large spaces for Star Wars' huge sets.
• Pinewood Studio is located in Buckinghamshire in the United Kingdom.
• The James Bond film franchise is also famously filmed at Pinewood Studio.
• This franchise links to Star Wars: The Force Awakens because they both use large sets to create big open settings.

Maz Kanata

• J. J. Abrams received inspiration for the character Maz Kanata from his old English teacher, Rose Gilbert.
• Advanced motion tracking technology was used to capture the performance of actress to create the character Maz Kanata. This method was used rather than practical effects because the actions that the character was required to do needed more personal and realistic movements; these are difficult to create while using puppets.
• Lupita Nyong'o played the character Maz Kanata in Star Wars: The Force Awakens, she is also famous for these roles:

         -Patsy // 12 Years a Slave (2013)
         -Raksha // The Jungle Book (2016)

         -Nakku Harriet // Queen of Katwe (2016)


General Snoke

• Andy Serkis played the role of General Snoke in Star Wars: The Force Awakens; his performance was also captured using advanced motion tracking technology.
• Serkins is renowned in the movie business for his role as Gollum/Sméagol in The Lord of the Rings and The Hobbit films.

Final Star Wars: The Force Awakens scenes location
The final scene of Star Wars: The Force Awakens was filmed on Skellig Michael, an island off the coast of the Republic of Ireland.

Score composer

• John Williams composed the film score for Star Wars: The Force Awakens.
• Williams also composed the film score for every other Star Wars film in the franchise.
• As well as Star Wars, John Williams also composed the scores for other famous films:

         -Jurassic Park (1993)
         -The Lost World: Jurassic Park (1997)
         -Jaws (1975)
         -Superman
         -Raiders of the Last Ark (1981)
         -Indiana Jones and the Temple of Doom (1984)
         -Indiana Jones and the Last Crusade (1989)
         -Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull (2008)

John Boyega's auditions

• John Boyega auditioned for the role of Finn in the film a total of 9 times, according to J. J. Abrams.
• Theses auditions occurred over a 7 month time period.

BB-8

• The puppet model for the character BB-8 was operated by two puppeteers; Dave Chapman and Brian Herring.
• Three different technologies were used to create different types of models for the character BB-8; physical prop versions (puppets), radio controlled versions and some static prop versions. The type of technology used for the main version of BB-8 were the physical props; this was used because the radio controlled versions did not capture the personal and realistic movements and reactions that J.J. Abrams was trying to portray.
• The puppeteers of the physical prop version of BB-8 were required to wear luminous green or blue suits while operating the model.
• These luminous green or blue suits were required to be worn so that the editors could use advanced special effects software to remove the operators from the shot with more ease than if the suits were not worn.

Special effects used on the film
Advanced special effects and computer generated imagery were used in Star Wars: The Force Awakens; this short video presents these special effects in a cinematic way:

Han Solo and Chewbacca's return to the Millennium Falcon
Two hundred people were behind the monitor watching the scene where Han Solo and Chewbacca return to the Millennium Falcon during filming. This is because the scene presented such an iconic moment in the franchise.

Simon Pegg
Simon Pegg was in the credits for Star Wars: The Force Awakens because he played the role of Unkar Plutt, the junk dealer that Rey dealt with numerous times on Jakku.

IMAX filming

• The film was shot with a 60mm IMAX camera. IMAX is a technique of widescreen cinematography that is used to produce an image approximately ten times larger than a standard 35mm film.
• The film was available on a total of 392 IMAX screens across the world.

UK age rating
Star Wars: The Force Awakens received a 12 rating from the British Board of Film Classification; it received this rating because it contains threat and moderate violence.

UK government contributions
The UK government contributed £31.6 million to J.J. Abrams for the production of Star Wars: The Force Awakens; this is approximately 13.4% of the film's total budget.

Actors and Actresses' payments

• Harrison Ford was paid $20 million to reprise his role of Han Solo; this is said to be the highest amount paid to any of the actors and actresses in the film.
• Daisy Ridley and John Boyega were paid an estimated amount of £200,000 - £300,000. They received such a low payment in comparison to Harrison Ford because they had had no experience in bigger films and TV shows previously.

Star Wars: The Force Awakens research

Production companies

• Lucasfilm Ltd.
• Bad Robot Productions

Director

• J. J. Abrams

Screen writers

• Lawrence Kasdan
• J. J. Abrams
• Michael Arndt

Actors & actresses

• Harrison Ford - Han Solo
• Mark Hamill - Luke Skywalker
• Carrie Fisher - General Leia Organa
• Adam Driver - Kylo Ren
• Daisy Ridley - Rey
• John Boyega - FN-2187 / Finn

Budget

• Gross - $306 Million
• Net - $245 Million

Locations

• Pinewood Studios in Buckinghamshire, England
• Iceland - Landscape shots
• The U.A.E emirate of Abu Dhabi
• Skellig Michael, an island off the coast of County Kerry, Ireland
• The Lake District in the north west of England - Landscape shots for the planet Takodana
• Former RAF Greenham Common military base in Berkshire
• Puzzlewood in the Forest of Dean

Greenlight date

• October 30th 2012 - The is the date that The Walt Disney Company purchased Lucasfilm for $4 Billion; therefore giving them the rights to make a new Star Wars film.

Screens shown on

• Opening weekend - 3900 Screens
• Peak figure - Over 4000 screens
• Weeks at cinema - 8 Weeks

Critical reaction

• Rotten Tomatoes - 92%
• Metacritic - 81%

These are two very strong ratings from the critics; they tell the potential audience that the film is great, therefore increasing the amount of people that will watch the it.

Box office figures

• North America - $936.7 Million
• China - $124.1 Million
• UK - $163.6 Million
• Worldwide - $2.068 Billion

Music

• Score composer - John Williams, the composer of most of the music used in the original Star Wars films.
• Soundtrack - "Main Title and the Attack on the Jakku Village"

Marketing

• Two teaser-length trailers were released that let 'old school' fans know that the film will be similar to the originals by consisting mainly of symbols and references.
• A 2.5 minute trailer was then released on ABC during half time of a football game; this created a large amount of anticipation as it was seen by thousands of people. This trailer was then massively shared and talked about on social media all across the world.
• Merchandise and toys were released 15 weeks prior to the film's release; these included t-shirts, hats, Lego models and action figures, all from popular brands. Disney paid popular YouTube stars to open the merchandise via webcam in front of millions and millions of people.
• Some of the key members of the Star Wars production process attended a panel at San Diego Comic-Con, an incredibly popular comic-related convention, to share sneak-peaks and information to thousands of people. This convention was also streamed live on the internet in front of millions of people.
• Official posters were released that present important characters and aspects of the film.

Teaser Trailer #1

Teaser Trailer #2

Official Trailer

                                                China Poster                                                   US/UK Poster

Tie-in products

• At least 20 books and comics titled 'Journey to Start Wars: The Force Awakens'
• Remote controlled BB-8 droid developed by Sphero
• Action figures - Basic toys for children and expensive, more advanced models for collectors
• Voice changer masks worn by characters in the film
• Lightsaber replicas
• Plushees and soft toys of characters from the film
• Lego models and sets of space ships and buildings from the film
• Clothing
• Stationary
• Phone cases
• Posters and printed pictures
• Video Games

Special effects / CGI

• A massive amount of computer generated imagery (CGI) was used throughout the entirety of the film to create extremely realistic characters, spaceships, explosions and lasers, scenery and much more. This CGI was used to present the settings, characters and the general world of Star Wars in an immersive, lifelike and natural way.

Production process issues

• Production was suspended for two weeks after Harrison Ford fractured his leg when a part of the Millennium Falcon fell on him.
• Daisy Ridley was extremely ill for one of the days that the crew was filming at Skellig Michael; this caused her to struggle to act to her full ability in the dramatic ending scene of the film.

Perkins & Festinger - Hotel Babylon

Tessa Perkins' 5 stereotype assumptions - Hotel Babylon

They're not always negative - The woman of Asian ethnicity is presented to be have the stereotype of being intelligent and interested in technology; this is a good personality trait to have as it allows her to be better at her work, therefore complimenting people of Asian ethnicity.

They're not always about minority groups - A stereotype for a non-minority group is created when the white British people in this TV drama are presented to be powerful and demanding. This shows how all ethnic groups have stereotypes created around them.

They can be held about one's own group - Due to this TV drama containing many stereotypes for essentially every character, the director and screenwriters will have acknowledged the stereotypes about their own ethnicities to present them in Hotel Babylon. As these stereotypes clearly make the characters' personalities understandable when their actions are seen, the audience also creates assumptions about different ethnicities.

They're not rigid or unchanging - Stereotypes that are assigned to people of different ethnicities are constantly changing to keep up with popular opinion and modern society to ensure that they retain truthfulness or hilarity, this can be seen many times throughout Hotel Babylon. One example is where the characters that are presented to be African are shown to be hard working and good at their jobs; this coincides with the traditional stereotype of black African people being lazy and refusing to work.

They're not always false - However comical and unbelievable these ethnical stereotypes are, they are mostly found to be accurate and truthful. This can be seen in the TV Drama Hotel Babylon through the white British immigration officers as they are presented to be more powerful than and in conflict with the people of other ethnicities. This is seen in real life all of the time and in most countries as abuse or even wars occur based on the racist stereotypical beliefs that many white people have.

How Festinger's theory explains TV Drama popularity

Leon Festinger's theory of 'cognitive dissonance' can be used to explain why TV dramas, such as Hotel Babylon, are so popular as it argues that people will search for overwhelming evidence that will give them confirmation of their thoughts and beliefs on subjects such as stereotypes based on ethnicity. Because of this, people will look to the media to find popular beliefs on these stereotypes so that they can be sure of what they believe. This will cause a lot of people to watch TV dramas due to the mass use of ethnical stereotypes they use in a realistic and believable way.

As Hotel Babylon is so popular, it proves that Festinger's theory of 'cognitive dissonance' is true. This is because this TV drama contains stereotypes for almost every ethnical group throughout, therefore supplying the audience with plenty of evidence that confirms their beliefs and stereotypical views on ethnicities.

Ethnicity representation and Camera shots in TV drama - Hotel Babylon

Identifying ethnicities

This TV drama makes the ethnicities and racial backgrounds of all of the workers clear to the audience as soon as they are shown by giving them extremely over exaggerated stereotypical aspects, such as how they look and act. This is very common in TV dramas and is done to let the audience know key features about the characters' personalities based on what they have seen in the media through their lives; this technique is used to quickly give information about the characters without the need to explain, therefore making it easier for the production team and the audience.

• This screenshot uses a medium/mid shot camera angle to present the fear in every one of the immigrant characters as they hide; this angle shows how each one of them is scared.

Interests, personalities, attitudes and behaviours based on ethnicity

The interests, personalities, attitudes and behaviours of every character in this TV drama are assigned to them based on their ethnicity and common stereotypes from the media that go with them. A clear example of this is through the character Jackie, who is presented to be of Asian ethnicity or origin. This character is seen by her desk working on a computer and surrounded by technological gadgets when she is first introduced in this extract; this presents the common stereotype of Asian people being intelligent and interested in technology. Her intelligence is presented once more when she has a plan to hide the immigrant workers and takes charge of the situation.

These stereotypes are used to let the audience know what kind of people the characters are without the need to explain.

• The screenshot to the left uses an interior close-up on the character of Asian ethnicity to clearly present her actions to the audience; this angle makes it obvious that she is counting.
• The screenshot to the right uses a high angle medium shot to present her at her desk; this shows the stereotype of Asian people being intelligent. The high angle is used to show how this stereotype makes her weak in this setting.

The importance of their ethnicities in their lives

The ethnicities of the characters are shown to be very important to them in this TV drama; this is seen in the final scene of the extract. The two characters that are stereotypically presented as African are shown praying before they eat their food; this shows that they prioritise their religion and ethnicity over eating.

• This screenshot uses a pan to reveal the stereotypes of each ethnicity as they are divided into groups on each table; the camera pans across several tables to show the stereotypical characteristics of each ethnicity.

Ethnicities portrayed to have more power

In this TV drama, the white British characters are portrayed to have more power than those of other ethnicity. This can be seen through the immigration officers as they are presented as the antagonists that hold power over the hotel workers as they gain control and inflict fear into them; this is because they have the power to deport any of the immigrant workers. Also, the white secretary character is presented to have power as she bosses around the other workers at the hotel and acts as if she is above them; an example of this is where she states that a black man has a 'brain like a sift'.

• The screenshot on the right uses a medium/mid shot to show the three white antagonists; this shot allows the audience to see each character to present how dominant and powerful they are.
• The screenshot on the right also uses a medium/mid shot to show the white secretary's actions; this supports the stereotype of white people being strict and powerful as it clearly presents the character demanding a foreign man to work.

Ethnicities portrayed to be abnormal/weaker

In this TV drama, every character that has any ethnicity other than white and British is portrayed as a weaker or abnormal character. This is clear because all of the immigrant workers in the hotel have to hide away to avoid getting taken away by the immigration officers; this makes them less powerful that the white British characters. These weak characters are also presented as abnormal; this can be seen through the overly stereotypical ways that each one of them acts depending on where they are from.

These two aspects are used to make the audience think that people from other places are strange and therefore shouldn't be accepted.

• This short scene uses several handheld interior close-ups to clearly show the fear of each specific immigrant character; the handheld part of this scene creates a sense of realism to make the fearful aspect of the situation immersive to the audience.

How the characters treat those from different ethnic backgrounds

The characters of different ethnicities are treated differently by different people. The character Adam is presented to be of African ethnicity, it is suggested that he was previously a doctor as he is able to help a fellow immigrant worker of a different ethnic background. This shows that the characters that are immigrants and from different ethnic backgrounds treat each other fairly and kindly. The immigration officers treat the characters of different ethnic backgrounds unfairly and use their power to gain control of them, resulting in the immigrants being deported. This mistreatment can be seen when they chase, capture and take away the character 'Ibrahim'.

• The screenshot on the left uses a high angle shot to present how the hiding immigrant characters are weak in this situation, especially the woman having a hypoglycaemic attack.
• The screenshot on the right uses a low angle shot to present how the white characters in this scene have power over the immigrant character. These two shots use opposite angles to represent the power that people of different ethnicities have.

The message portrayed by the extract

This extract attempts to portray the message that immigrants and people from different ethnic backgrounds are mistreated and should actually be respected and accepted as they are presented to be caring, kind and very similar to us in the way that they mourn over the loss of Ibrahim.

• The short clip on the left uses a high angle interior close-up shot to present how the immigrant character is weak and has no power; the close-up aspect of this shot clearly show the audience that the character is recovering.
• The short clip on the right uses an interior close-up shot to present the sadness and mourning on the characters' faces; this tells the audience that immigrants are caring.

My Representation

Channel 4 - Find your tribe

After taking the Find Your Tribe quiz, I found that channel 4 would label me as a 'Townie', placing me in the 'Mainstream' tribe. The description stated that 'I am a contented soul that loves my friends and family', I agree with this because I do enjoy being with my friends and spending time with my family at home, I would also say that I am generally a happy person. It also states that I enjoy 'hanging out locally', and that I'm 'often happiest at the pub or the park', I partially agree with this because I do enjoy hanging out with my friends or partaking in sports at the local park, however, I do not spend a lot of time in the pub or hanging around town. Finally, the description stated that I enjoy watching 'reality TV with my best mates', I completely disagree with this as I'm not interested in reality television and I don't watch programs or films with my friends very often in general.

After considering the aspects of the five tribes, I agree with the Find Your Tribe quiz and believe that I would fall into the 'Mainstream' tribe as I enjoy listening to electronic dance and tropical house music, I also like to wear clothes created by commonly seen designers. However, I also believe that I would fall under the aspirant tribe as I see myself as a creative person; I think this because I enjoy creating digital art and taking photographs in my spare time.

Figures in the media

Many of the aspects of my life and personality are presented by popular figures in the media. Although I don't spent a large amount of time watching content creators on YouTube, I believe that I am similar to Jack Howard, a popular YouTuber, in multiple ways. One of these ways is that Jack Howard has a very sarcastic and comedic personality, I believe that I also have this trait. Jack enjoys watching films, social media and technological gadgets; I believe that I am similar to him in this way because I constantly use social media to keep up-to-date with the media and news, I am a large fan of electronics and technological devices and because I also enjoy watching and learning about films. Finally, I present myself similarly to Jack Howard in a visual sense as we share similar modern hairstyles and we both wear popularly branded clothes.

I don't tend to model my look on any media figures, I mainly wear clothes that are classed as popular or 'mainstream' as I believe that the styles and patterns look good and I feel generally good while wearing them; this is because they're accepted and considered to be 'cool' by society and the media.

How I represent myself

These are the general clothes that I wear on an everyday basis:













I wear these clothes because I find them comfortable and casual. I mostly wear brightly patterned t-shirts as I like the colours and pictures and plain jeans to create a strong contrast but still avoiding clashes. I like to wear sport-like trainers as they are comfortable, 'cool' and because I do a lot of walking or running.

These are the gadgets and accessories that I wear and have on a daily basis:

I use and carry around a smartphone that allows me to access the internet, use social media, take photographs, contact friends and family, and literally millions of other things. I wear a Microsoft smartwatch that connects to my Microsoft smartphone so that I can see messages, fitness details and the time without having to take my phone out of my pocket. This smartwatch also makes me look 'cool' as they are very popular and 'flashy'. Finally, I wear two wristbands with my smartwatch because I like the small amount of individuality they give me; I also generally like what they look like.

Film Production Roles

Writer

In this stage of the film production process, the writers suggest and propose possible ideas for a film and what it could contain. After deciding on what ideas to use for the film, the writers develop and create scripts that contain the dialogue, actions and storyline.

The writers receive influence for the film by seeing films of the same genre or type, from using the internet and from generally looking at the world as ideas can be found literally anywhere.

Famous writers include:

• Aaron Sorkin (Steve Jobs, The Social Network)
• Quentin Tarantino (Kill Bill: Volume 1 & 2)
• Diablo Cody (Ricki and the Flash).

Producer

The producer of a film selects a script produced by the writers and creates a plan of how it can be transformed into a viable film. After selecting the script, they plan and coordinate the writing, directing, editing and finances of the film to ensure that it can be made and will be successful.

Famous producers include:

• Steven Spielberg (The BFG, Jurassic Park trilogy)
• Jerry Bruckheimer (Pirates of the Caribbean quadrilogy, The Lone Ranger)
• George Lucas (Star Wars 1, 2 & 3, Indiana Jones trilogy).

Casting director

After the idea for the  film has been created and the scripts are developed, the casting director works with the producer and the director to assemble a cast that will be right for the film. They need to retain up-to-date knowledge of current acting talent to ensure that the cast they create is perfect for their film.

Famous casting directors include:

• Juliet Taylor (Schindler's List, Sleepless in Seattle)
• Sarah Finn (The Avengers, Iron Man trilogy, Tron Legacy, Mission Impossible II)
• Marion Dougherty (Batman, Gremlins 2: The New Batch)

Director

The director visualises the script in a specific way and guides the technical crew and actors through filming to present their vision. They turn the script into an envisaged representation of the written ideas based on their style and the genre of the film.

Famous directors include:

• Martin Scorsese (The Wolf of Wall Street, Taxi Driver)
• James Cameron (Titanic, Avatar, Terminator 1 & 2)
• Wes Anderson (Fantastic Mr. Fox, The Grand Budapest Hotel)

Film finance

During the film finance stage of the production process, a forecast of revenues is used to determine the potential value of the film being created. This part of the process is important because it ensures that the film will make enough money; this helps to avoid it being unsuccessful.

Famous film finance companies include

• RatPac-Dune Entertainment (Avatar, The A-Team)
• Atlas Entertainment (Suicide Squad, American Hustle)

Camera operator

The camera operator is a member of the technical crew that is trained and hired to use the camera during the filming process to digitally record the actions and activity of the actors, props and settings in the scenes. They are the person that captures the director's visualisations through the mise-en-scène so that they can be presented to the audience in a cinematic way.

Famous camera operators include:

• Dean Semler (Maleficent, 2012)
• Peter Lyons Collister (Alvin and the Chipmunks, Hop)
• Emmanuel Lubezki (The Revenant, Gravity)

Editor

After the filming and production process, the editor takes the digitally recorded scenes and uses specialist techniques to assemble the shots coherently into a sequence. This part of the process does not just simply consist of cutting unwanted parts and putting the scenes together, it is an art that usually takes a sufficient amount of time to ensure that all of the visualisations of the director, captured by the camera operator, link together and flow to create a viable film.

Famous film editors include:

• Thelma Schoonmaker (The Wolf of Wall Street, Shutter Island)
• Michael Kahn (The BFG, War Horse)
• Arthur Schmidt (Forrest Gump, Back to the Future trilogy)

Production designer

The production designer, or P.D., works with the director and producer to select the settings and styles of the visual aspect of the film so that the story is clearly told and understandable for the audience. They are responsible for what the film physically looks like overall.

Famous production designers include:

• Dante Ferretti (Shutter Island, Sweeney Todd: The Demon Barber of Fleet Street)
• Bo Welch (Men in Black trilogy, Thor)
• Donald Graham Burt (The Social Network, The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo)

Marketing

Marketing is the stage of the process where the film is advertised and commercialised to the public in attempt to entice general people and broaden the audience. There are two key marketing techniques in the film industry:

• Viral marketing - This technique uses 'word of mouth' to advertise the film, usually via the internet through social media sites. This is a good technique because social media is vastly used by people of different aged groups all around the world; this helps to bring in anyone anywhere.
• Guerrilla marketing - This technique is used to create 'buzz' and anticipation for a film by using unconventional and low cost marketing strategies; this helps to raise awareness of the film.

Marketing is a key aspect of ensuring that a film makes a profit and doesn't 'flop'. The reason for this is that, if a film is marketed well and has a lot of anticipation, more people are going to want to watch it to either find out why it's so massively anticipated or because they believe that it will be good, no matter how bad it turns out to be.

Marketing methods include:

• Posters
• Trailers and adverts
• Merchandise - Helps to bring in younger audiences.

Exhibition

Exhibition is essentially the retail stage of the film making process, it involves the public screening of the motion picture in cinemas. The exhibiter attempts to sell the experience of the film, rather than producing or distributing it; this is done by them having some extent of control over how the films are programmed, promoted and presented to the audience. This control gives them considerable influence over how successful the box office of the film is.

The exhibiter primarily focuses on the ownership, management and operation of the cinemas by facing situations such as shifting market conditions, government regulatory actions and the investment of new technologies like IMAX.

Exhibition is the key role in the film production process to ensure that the audience is reached and financial success is achieved.